What is Microfluidics
微流体is defined as“科学系统的NCE和工程，其中流体行为与常规流动不同eory primarily due to the small length scale of the system”1。微流体deals with precise control and manipulation of fluids in micro and picolitre scales that are geometrically constrained to microfluidic devices with internal sizes ranging from approximately 1 to 1000 μm.
Why Microfluidics? “小更好”
在微流体设备中进行化学时，微通道的短距离和高表面与体积比reduced transport times of mass and heat.这会导致快速和控制的加热和冷却。复合浓度和温度也可以精确调节。
Small fluidic volumes dictate that regimes of low Reynolds number (< 250) where fluids are influenced by viscous forces rather than inertial forces. Without the inertial nonlinearity,microfluidic systems have regular deterministic flow。This condition generates in circular micro-channels typical parabolic velocity profiles and predictable flows.
These basic properties give rise to the following main advantages that have made microfluidic technology attractive for chemical synthesis in both industry and academia2。
- Higher Performance & Control。Several chemical reactions can generate more than one product from the same reactant. This depends on the kinetic versus thermodynamic control of the reaction pathway. The high level of control achievable in microfluidic devices offers the possibility to select one specific product over another with very high precision thereforeincreasing the chemical selectivity。In addition, enhanced heat and mass transfer combined with the greater control of reaction conditions and ability to operate at high pressures in small volumes lead tohigher space-time yields(product formed per reactor volume and time) and and转换than traditional bulk systems. When using microfluidic devices in particles synthesis these conditions result in ahigher particle monodispersitycompared to traditional batch synthesis.
- 小试剂量。There is acost advantage与少量的宝贵试剂合作。微流体设备所使用的试剂少于传统的散装系统，以获得相同的化学信息。另外，少量体积可容纳快速反应筛选和更容易的光学访问to the reaction system.
- Rapid Reactions。Reactions occurring in microfluidic reactors are rarely run for longer than requiredto reach the equilibrium, as they can be closely monitored to determine reaction completion.
- Green Credentials。改进的传热降低了单位温度升高的能量，导致环境利益。
从工业生产到学术研究的许多不同领域中，微流体被使用，代表了一个重要且相关的市场。
预计微流体设备市场将迅速增长, from $2.56B in 2015 to $5.95B in 2020. This annual 18% growth will still be mainly driven by pharmaceutical and health care applications3。
Dolomite’s products are used in a wide range of applications in many industries and enable:
- Fine chemical synthesis (e.g. microreactor chemical engineering, petrochemical analysis, etc.)
- 有机，无机和聚合物颗粒合成（例如，智能药物输送系统，金属纳米颗粒，量子点的产生等）
- 液滴和气泡的产生（例如，色素和乳液的产生，结晶筛选等）
- 生物(如细胞封装和操作analysis of individual cells from a population, hydrogels and liposomes production)
的列表申请注释可以找到使用白云岩的组万博外围LOL件制成的这里。
Dolomite’s products are used by many academic group in the world in different area of research. A selection of科学出版物can be found here.
从原材料和能源消耗方面，从90年代开始，大幅度降低了过程植物的规模，以使其更有效地效率。从那时起，一个新的快速发展研究领域，通常称为“微流体””，吸引了研究人员分析利用微型化的优势性能的可能性。如今，在微流体系统中，传统的规模取代编号, without the need for a pilot plant, shortening dramatically the time that it takes from formulation to production. This leads to the adoption of microfluidic technologies not only for analytical purposes but also for large scale manufacturing in process industries, particularly fine chemistry and pharmaceuticals. In more recent years microfluidic devices have also been extensively adopted as analytical tools for biochemistry and molecular biology applications.
Novel microengineered structures can be made to perform many of the standard operations of interest to chemical systems. The advent of microreaction technology was initially underpinned by silicon microfabrication methods originally developed from the microelectronics industry. However, as new or improved precision engineering methods and tools become available, they allow the manufacture of microengineered structures from metals, ceramics, plastics (PDMS) and glass.
Dolomite design and manufacture different types of microfluidic devices or“chips”用于使用玻璃的各种化学和生化应用。Glass被认为是可用于微流体应用中的最佳材料之一，并且由于其高溶剂兼容性，表面稳定性，光学透明度和压力抗性而在很大程度上被使用。该材料也是天然的亲水性，生物相容性和化学惰性的。万博外围LOL白云岩提供芯片以及专门设计的连接器，能够将管道连接到不同的微流体泵送设备上。从一开始，使用毛细管在最简单的功能中访问小尺度流。该解决方案为连续流动实验提供了廉价而简单的方法，该实验具有众所周知的流体动力学和轻松操纵操作参数。
- Nam-Trung Nguyen＆Wereley，S。T.Fundamentals and Applications of Microfluidics。（Artech House，2002年）。
- Elvira, K. S., Casadevall i Solvas, X., Wootton, R. C. R. & de Mello, A. J. The past, present and potential for microfluidic reactor technology in chemical synthesis.Nat. Chem.5，905–15（2013）。
- Clerc, S. & Roussel, B.微流体应用 - Yole开发市场和技术报告。（2015）。